Seeleyosaurus guilelmiimperatoris is an early plesiosauroid from the Lower Jurassic Posidonia Shale of Germany.

The walls of graptolites are composed of collagen fibrils, forming unique half-rings (fuselli) and bands resembling bandages.

South Georgia – paradise reclaimed? Isolated islands are nature’s natural laboratories, where both the threats and positive effects of human

Geochemical studies of Recent echinoids from a variety of environments have shown that incorporation of trace elements into their skeleton…

How fast did the largest dinosaurs – the sauropods – walk? This may be calculated based on the length of their limb…

Description of the first remains of a crocodile and a sea turtle from the Middle Miocene locality of Kienberg in the Moravian part of Czechia.

The Pliensbachian (Early Jurassic, ∼192.9–184.2 Ma) plesiosaurs are poorly understood…

Fossilized marine calcifiers provide key data for reconstructing ancient seawater temperatures…

Wilhelm Friedberg (1873–1941) was a Polish naturalist focussing on Miocene geology and palaeontology…

Kyrtatrypa pauli, a new Givetian brachiopod species from Świętomarz and Laskowa in the Holy Cross Mountains, is described.

As late as in the mid-1960s, whales were still being intensively harvested and processed in South Georgia.

Hundreds of fossils with direct evidence of foraging were used to compare the trophic dynamics of five vertebrate communities…

Where the Dolomites stand today, about 235 million years ago there was a warm sea with many coral reefs.

Bones with large hollow spaces are one of the characteristic features of dinosaurs (including birds) and pterosaurs.Bones with large hollow spaces are one of the characteristic features of dinosaurs (including birds) and pterosaurs.

A sauropod femur found in 1963 in the Baynshire Formation (Cenomanian–Santonian) in Mongolia had been identified as belonging to a subadult representative of Titanosauriformes.

The study uncovers the world’s most diverse collection of fossilized ascidian spicules, found in Bogutovo Selo near Ugljevik, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and dating back to the Middle Miocene.

A new specimen of the early ichthyosaur Chaohusaurus zhangjiawanensis from the Early Triassic of Hubei Province, China, confirms heterodonty in this species.

A comprehensive study by an international team of researchers found that the evolutionary trajectories of Triassic–Jurassic ichthyosaurs and eosauropterygians…

Besanosaurus leptorhynchus is a large-bodied ichthyosaur from the Middle Triassic of Monte San Giorgio (Alps near the Italy–Switzerland border).

The earliest, Triassic (approx. 220–200 million years) turtles are characterized by a large diversity of bony connections…

Three new species of buttercups have been described from Western Pomerania.

The description of the complete skeleton of a dicynodont from Lisowice has enabled a new interpretation of incomplete data on Late Triassic dicynodonts.

…new data from Maxwell Bay, a wide-open bay in the South Shetland Islands.

Experiments on Recent sea urchins grown in seawater with a low Mg/Ca ratio have shown that they produce skeletons with lower magnesium content and nanohardness.

Turbinoliidae are a group of solitary scleractinian corals (suborder Refertina) with small conical coralla…

Biogenic minerals (biominerals) differ in structure and biogeochemical composition from their abiotic counterparts.

The first monographic study of several dozen crinoid taxa (including one new species) from the Jurassic and Cretaceous sediments of Africa and Asia (southern Tethys).

Recent stalked crinoids exclusively live at considerable depths, but in the geological past they were common in shallow-marine environments.

An international team analysed functional morphology of the neck and paleoecology of the Late Cretaceous eutherian mammal Zalambdalestes lechei from Mongolia.

Mixosaurs were a group of ichthyosaurs from the Middle Triassic.

The paper documents another stage in elucidating the phylogenetic relationships among traditionally understood Caryophylliidae…

184 years ago, a small bone was discovered in the Triassic of Scotland…

At the site of Węże 2 near Działoszyn in Łódź Voivodeship numerous remains of mammals and other vertebrates dating from the Pliocene (over 2.5 million years ago) were found.

Triassic Tanystropheus was characterised by the most elongate vertebrae among the known animals

Turtles are characterized by an unusual anatomy of the locomotor apparatus linked with the development of their shell

Ajkaceratops kozmai from the Upper Cretaceous of Hungary was considered the most significant piece of evidence for the presence of Ceratopsia (horned dinosaurs) outside of Asia and North America.

The lower Maastrichtian (Upper Cretaceous) shallow-marine deposits exposed at Nahoryany, south of Lviv (western Ukraine), have been known as a rich source of fossils since 1843.

For over ten years, the Owadów–Brzezinki quarry have been yielding numerous well-preserved fossils.

Shells of small (micromorphic) brachiopods are not so attractive as other fossils preserved in the white chalk facies…

In the Jurassic period, besides the well-known plesiosaurs and ichthyosaurs, there existed a third group of widely distributed large predatory marine reptiles…

Reconstruction of the Ocean surface water temperature based on calibration of many geochemical indicators from skeletons.

Vertebrate bones are rare in the Lower Triassic deposits of the Holy Cross Mountains.

… The specimen represents an exceptionally large individual, larger than the known representatives of Proterochersis robusta from the same formation…

Trachelosaurus, described over 100 years ago, turned out to be not a chimera…

Franconiasaurus brevispinus is a new early plesiosaur established based on two three-dimensionally preserved skeletons from the Lower Jurassic of Germany.

Bagaraatan ostromi is an enigmatic carnivorous dinosaur described from the Upper Cretaceous Nemegt Formation in Mongolia.

Many organisms exhibit astonishing biomineralization abilities, forming polymorphic minerals from the same chemical substance.

One of the basic taphonomic questions is whether the borings in skeletal structures were produced in vivo or post mortem.

Diadectomorpha was a group of large-bodied herbivorous tetrapods that existed from the late Carboniferous to the late Permian.

A new, rich vertebrate assemblage was discovered in the Middle Triassic strata of Miedary in southern Poland.

The mode of locomotion of one of the earliest free-living stalked echinoderms – Ordovician Pleurocystites belonging to the subphylum Blastozoa – was reconstructed.

During the Miocene salinity crisis, changing environmental conditions, including a sharp reduction in water exchange between the Mediterranean and the Atlantic Ocean, changed the geographic ranges of many organisms.

Turtles have a characteristic limb bone microstructure: the poorly vascularized tissue grows slowly throughout most of their life; in addition, there is no medullary cavity.

The paper deals with the anatomy of limbs and associated skeletal structures in the Triassic (c.a. 215 Myr) turtles belonging to the genus Proterochersis known from the territory of modern-day Germany and Poland.

Foraminifera (unicellular protists) from the Marquesas Keys, located 30 km west of Key West (Florida) allowed to reconstruct climatic conditions…

Lorrainosaurus from the Bajocian (Middle Jurassic) of France is the earliest large-bodied pliosaurid and the oldest known representative of a dynasty of marine reptile mega-predators…

The paper presents the results of histological studies of teeth of Late Jurassic fish from Owadów-Brzezinki.

Biomineralization of fish otoliths is regulated by macromolecules, such as proteins, whose presence is crucial for the functionality and properties of these mineralized structures.

Capacity of physiological modifications of the chemistry of the coral calcifying fluid that contains the molecules necessary for the formation of the skeleton…

The territory of Poland is mostly covered by sediments of glacial origin, which cover the Mesozoic rocks.

For the first time, the unusual phenomenon of graptolites growing on algae is observed.

Monospecific ostracod accumulations mainly within cephalopod (a nautiloid and two goniatites) phragmocones (siphuncle and camerae), are described from the Carboniferous of England.

Jurassic sediments of hydrocarbon seeps from La Elina Ranch (northern Patagonia) are the only source of information on this kind of environment in South America.

A Polish-Chinese research team described a new saurosphargid marine reptile from the Early Triassic of China (Hubei Province)…

About 140 million years ago, Poland was a sea connecting the Tethys Ocean with the Boreal Sea…

The Owadów-Brzezinki quarry is one of the most important paleontological sites in Poland…

Described in 1858, Trematospondylus macrocephalus from the Bathonian (Middle Jurassic) of Germany is one of the earliest established plesiosaur taxa.

The newly collected, very rich and well preserved material showed that previously wrongly attributed Eocene sponges from SW Australia…

The material of a carnivorous dinosaur found in the 1970s by a Polish-Mongolian paleontological expedition in the Gobi Desert is newly interpreted as belonging to the Shri devi species…

The latitudinal diversity gradient is one of the most extensive and important biodiversity patterns on the Earth.

Foraminifera, a group of unicellular organisms, are commonly used as bioindicators in paleoenvironmental studies. Unfortunately, their distribution in many key areas is poorly understood.

Shell ornamentation of marine calcifiers is considered as a potential anti-predatory defensive structure.

A new issue of Philosophical Transactions devoted entirely to mammalian skulls.

Dicynodonts were herbivorous synapsids – representatives of the tetrapod group encompassing mammals, their ancestors and relatives, but not reptiles.

The analysis of calyx sizes of fossil crinoids has shown that the mean calyx size significantly decreased during the periods of mass extinction…

Previously unidentified small phosphatic spines from the Devonian of the Holy Cross Mountains have been included into arrow worms (phylum Chaetognatha)

The oxygen isotopic compositions of fossil foraminifera tests constitute a continuous proxy record of deep-ocean and sea-surface temperatures spanning the last 120 million years.

A monographic description of 68 brachiopod species (three new, including one within a new genus), the most diversified faunal group in the Middle Devonian (Givetian) of Miłoszów in the Holy Cross Mountains.

Understanding the mechanisms of nucleation, stabilization and aggregation of amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) and factors controlling its further transformation into crystalline phases is fundamental for elucidation of biogenic mineralization.

The Albian and Cenomanian (Cretaceous) deposits at Annopol in Central Poland have been famous for their wealth of phosphates and fossils.

It has been recently discovered that some species of modern starfish form a calcite skeleton with a triply periodic trabecular microstructure resembling the atomic structure of diamond,

The family Euphylliidae consists of reef-building scleractinian corals distributed across the Indo-Pacific.

The structure of the inner ear in mammals is highly informative with respect to locomotor agility and hearing sensitivity.

Tendons are elements connecting muscles and bones. In most vertebrates, they are flexible and elastic but in dinosaurs (including birds) some of them ossify.

Retiolitids are one of the group of graptolites with collagenous skeleton (rhabdosome) formed mostly by a network of lists.

Otoliths are calcium carbonate components of the inner ear in teleost fish.

The Owadów–Brzezinki palaeontological site is a new Jurassic taphonomic window.

Plateosaurus trossingensis is one of the largest herbivorous Late Triassic dinosaurs…

Formation of the biomineral structures in the inner ear (otoliths and smaller, but having the same function otoconia) is tightly linked to the formation of organic matrix framework, among which the
otolin-1, a short collagen-like protein, is one of its major components.

Foraminifera living in the fjords of South Georgia were studied…

A special issue of the Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae…

The material is composed of well-preserved isolated tracks, manus-pes couples, and a slab with trackways composed of approximately 20 tracks …

The Vossenveld Formation cropping out near Winterswijk in the Netherlands is well known because of its rich Middle Triassic marine reptile fauna assemblage…

The Upper Cambrian Słowińska Formation yielded minute three-dimensionally preserved, phosphatic microfossils.

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae, the journal of the Polish Botanical Society, founded in 1922, published a special collection of papers entitled Polish Botany Centennial.

Neoplasms are diseases that develop when body cells divide uncontrollably

Foraminifera and closely related gromiids dominate meiobenthos communities in polar regions…

Omphalosauridae are one of the most enigmatic groups of Mesozoic marine reptiles.

The description of the spicules’ shape and the skeleton organization represents the fundamental basis of sponge taxonomy and systematics.

Up to now, Mesozoic statoliths were known only from the Jurassic…