{"id":9140,"date":"2026-05-15T15:15:00","date_gmt":"2026-05-15T13:15:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/muzeumewolucji.pl\/?p=9140"},"modified":"2026-05-15T15:16:56","modified_gmt":"2026-05-15T13:16:56","slug":"morphogenesis-of-the-echinoderm-diamond-type-stereom","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/muzeumewolucji.pl\/?p=9140&lang=en","title":{"rendered":"Morphogenesis of the echinoderm diamond-type stereom"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"9140\" class=\"elementor elementor-9140\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-17619b7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"17619b7\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6429755c\" data-id=\"6429755c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ab50e7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ab50e7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Morphogenesis of the echinoderm diamond-type stereom<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-48b123ed elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"48b123ed\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6ad6f442\" data-id=\"6ad6f442\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7b04f9c5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7b04f9c5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Echinoderm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">echinoderm<\/a> skeleton has a remarkable microstructure known as <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stereom\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">stereom<\/a>. It is composed of calcitic trabeculae with curvatures close to \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Saddle_point\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">saddle-shaped<\/a>\u201d forms, characteristic of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Minimal_surface\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">minimal surfaces<\/a>, whose classical physical model is soap films stretched across wire frames, and whose mathematical example is the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Catenoid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">catenoid<\/a>. In some cases, the stereom displays an exceptionally regular, <a href=\"https:\/\/pl.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Diament#\/media\/Plik:Diamonds_gitter.svg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u201cdiamond-like\u201d lattice<\/a> with high mechanical strength and uniform porosity. The study shows that this structure arises through coordinated growth of trabeculae. It was also demonstrated that <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Actin\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">actin<\/a> fibers not only define sites of mineralization but also guide the connections and curvatures of the stereom.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b046a57 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b046a57\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"266\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/muzeumewolucji.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Rogata_rozgwiazda_2026-5db4c1b3.jpg?fit=800%2C266&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-9133\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/muzeumewolucji.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Rogata_rozgwiazda_2026-5db4c1b3.jpg?w=1506&amp;ssl=1 1506w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/muzeumewolucji.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Rogata_rozgwiazda_2026-5db4c1b3.jpg?resize=300%2C100&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/muzeumewolucji.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Rogata_rozgwiazda_2026-5db4c1b3.jpg?resize=1024%2C340&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/muzeumewolucji.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Rogata_rozgwiazda_2026-5db4c1b3.jpg?resize=768%2C255&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1e14ff85 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1e14ff85\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-50a0c6e4\" data-id=\"50a0c6e4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60d02705 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"60d02705\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Figure<\/strong>: The horned sea star (left) has a skeleton with a \u201cdiamond\u201d microstructure. Using various labeling and imaging techniques (middle panel), a model of stereom growth was proposed (right panel).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-54c1a42 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"54c1a42\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f93c6d0\" data-id=\"f93c6d0\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3da3357 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3da3357\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>PUBLICATION:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.paleo.pan.pl\/pl\/humanski.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Huma\u0144ski, K.<\/a>, Facchini, G., Croce, J., Ko\u0142buk, D., Dubois, Ph., <a href=\"https:\/\/www.paleo.pan.pl\/pl\/Gorzelak.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Gorzelak, P.<\/a> 2026. Morphogenesis of the diamond-type stereom microlattice and the origin of saddle-shaped minimal surfaces in the echinoderm skeleton. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1742706126000255?via%3Dihub\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Acta Biomaterialia<\/em>, 212: 516-526<\/a>. <span class=\"anchor-text-container\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actbio.2026.01.016<\/span><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The echinoderm skeleton has a remarkable microstructure known as stereom. It is composed of calcitic trabeculae with curvatures close to \u201csaddle-shaped\u201d forms, characteristic of minimal surfaces&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":9133,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[93],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9140","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sc_news"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Morphogenesis of the echinoderm diamond-type stereom - Muzeum Ewolucji Instytutu Paleobiologii PAN<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/muzeumewolucji.pl\/?p=9140&lang=en\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pl_PL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Morphogenesis of the echinoderm diamond-type stereom - Muzeum Ewolucji Instytutu Paleobiologii PAN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The echinoderm skeleton has a remarkable microstructure known as stereom. 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