{"id":7430,"date":"2024-10-28T11:31:07","date_gmt":"2024-10-28T10:31:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/muzeumewolucji.pl\/?p=7430"},"modified":"2025-03-07T12:51:18","modified_gmt":"2025-03-07T11:51:18","slug":"biomechanics-of-the-shell-of-early-turtles","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/muzeumewolucji.pl\/?p=7430&lang=en","title":{"rendered":"Biomechanics of the shell of early turtles"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"7430\" class=\"elementor elementor-7430\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1a247f21 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1a247f21\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1c9e039e\" data-id=\"1c9e039e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-764740be elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"764740be\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Biomechanics of the shell of early turtles<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-be2a962 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"be2a962\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7d9a593\" data-id=\"7d9a593\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-350c2d1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"350c2d1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" class=\" wp-image-7369 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/muzeumewolucji.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/FEA.jpg?resize=452%2C389&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"452\" height=\"389\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/muzeumewolucji.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/FEA.jpg?w=1653&amp;ssl=1 1653w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/muzeumewolucji.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/FEA.jpg?resize=300%2C258&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/muzeumewolucji.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/FEA.jpg?resize=1024%2C881&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/muzeumewolucji.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/FEA.jpg?resize=768%2C661&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/muzeumewolucji.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/FEA.jpg?resize=1536%2C1321&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/muzeumewolucji.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/FEA.jpg?resize=600%2C516&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/muzeumewolucji.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/FEA.jpg?w=1600&amp;ssl=1 1600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 452px) 100vw, 452px\" \/>The earliest, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Triassic\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Triassic<\/a> (approx. 220\u2013200 million years) <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Turtle\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">turtles<\/a> are characterized by a large diversity of bony connections between their <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Turtle_shell\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">plastron, carapace<\/a>, and girdles \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shoulder_girdle\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pectoral<\/a> (modified collar bones) and <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pelvis\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pelvic<\/a>. This work tests impact of these connections on the mechanical performance of the shell. It turns out that the role of the girdles in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stress_%28mechanics%29\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">stress<\/a> distribution and strengthening of the shell was relatively minor. Thus, the diverse connections likely result from ecological and locomotor differences between individual species. The co-ossification of the pelvis and the shell in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Proterochersis\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i>Proterochersis<\/i><\/a> spp. from Poland and Germany might have increased the stability and effectiveness of swimming in those turtles.<\/p><p>Figure: Stress distribution (VMS) in the shells of Triassic (Proganochelys, Proterochersis) and extant turtles (Erymnochelys \u2013 side-necked turtle; Trachemys \u2013 hidden necked turtle): dark colors indicate the lowest stress, bright colors \u2013 the highest. The scenarios simulate biting of various shell regions (arrows) with attached (A) or detached and removed (D) epiplastral processes (clavicles \u2013 Proganochelys) and pelvis (Proterochersis, Erymnochelys).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d71d7b5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d71d7b5\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b26b072\" data-id=\"b26b072\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6cd6d4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6cd6d4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><b>PUBLICATION:<\/b> Ferreira G. S., Hermanson G., Kyriakouli C., Dr\u00f3\u017cd\u017c D., <a href=\"https:\/\/www.paleo.pan.pl\/pl\/pracownicy\/szczygielski\/tomasz_szczygielski.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Szczygielski T.<\/a> 2024. Shell biomechanics suggests an aquatic palaeoecology at the dawn of turtle evolution. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-72540-7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i>Scientific Reports<\/i> 14: 21822<\/a>. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-024-72540-7<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The earliest, Triassic (approx. 220\u2013200 million years) turtles are characterized by a large diversity of bony connections&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":7369,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[93],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7430","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sc_news"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.8 - 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